Search results for "waste bioma"
showing 9 items of 9 documents
Solar radiation as a prospective energy source for green and economic processes in the food industry: From waste biomass valorization to dehydration,…
2019
International audience; Solar energy has recently attracted the attention of both industry and academia, to be used as a source of clean energy for green production of various products such as food-related commodities. This review aims to explore the applicability of this green energy source for extraction of valuable components (e.g., bioactive compounds and essential oils) from plant materials and waste biomass, dehydration of plant materials, water recovery through desalination, decontamination, cooking, and baking of agri-food products. According to the literature, concentrated solar power systems (CSP) have been successfully employed for bioactive compounds (e.g. essential oils) extrac…
A Novel Lab‐Scale Fixed‐Bed Pyrolysis Reactor for Biofuel Production from Agro‐Waste: Experimental Set‐up and Preliminary Life Cycle Assessment Study
2020
The present study reports the features and set-up of a novel lab-scale fixed bed pyrolysis reactor for the production of solid and liquid bio-fuels from waste biomass. The fixed bed reactor is tested by carrying out pyrolysis experiments using two different waste biomasses. Olive tree trimmings (OT) and olive pulp (OP), olive cultivation and olive mill industries residues respectively, are pyrolyzed, under nitrogen atmosphere, between 200 and 650 °C for a residence time of 0.5 h. The OT and OP pyrolysis chars were characterized in terms of mass yields, high calorific values (HHVs), proximate and elemental analysis. Char mass yields, on a dry basis (d.b.), decreased from 91 to 23 wt% and fro…
HYDROTHERMAL LIQUEFACTION OF WASTE BIOMASS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FUELS
2021
Effect of transition metals and homogeneous hydrogen producers in the hydrothermal liquefaction of sewage sludge
2022
Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of sewage sludge (SS) was performed in the presence of metallic Zn, Fe and Ni to investigate their effect on the performances of the process in terms of product yields and quality. Experiments were performed in subcritical water at 350 ◦C for 10 min using each metal individually and in the presence of homogenous hydrogen producers like formic acid (FA) and KOH. Interesting results were obtained with Zn that when used alone or in the presence of KOH, increased the cumulative biocrude (BC) yields and resulted in energy recoveries (ER) higher than 100% with respect to initial energy content of the biomass, thus indicating that HTL of SS is globally endothermic. …
Hydrothermal liquefaction of waste biomass in stirred reactors: One step forward to the integral valorization of municipal sludge
2020
Abstract Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of municipal sludge (MS) was performed at 350 °C for 30 min (subcritical water) and at 400 °C for 0 min (supercritical water) at fixed kinetic severity (LogR0 = 8.9) in static and stirred batch reactors to study the effect of the flow regime on the energy recovery (ER) of the process and on the quality of the products. With adopted experimental procedures it was possible to reduce to less than 10% the yield of lost organic compounds, termed volatiles (VT), and to collect and quantify a liquid hydrocarbon fraction (HC) separated from the biocrude (BC). The highest value of the HC yield, 25% w/w, was obtained in supercritical conditions. The C content …
Hydrothermal liquefaction of wet waste biomass: a practical assessment to achieve an integral valorization of municipal sludge
2020
Hydrothermal liquefaction of municipal sludge was conducted to perform a practical assessment to achieve an integral valorization of this wet waste biomass. Experiments were done to investigate the effects of sub- and supercritical water and of the fluid dynamic regime on the energy recovery of the process and on the quality of the products. Experimental runs were performed at two different temperatures (350°C and 400°C) changing reaction time in order to work at the same kinetic severity of the process (LogR0=8.9, calculated as in ref. [3]). An improvement of the C % in the solid residues and of the ration of H/C of the biocrude was obtained when stirred reactor was used both in sub- and s…
Physico-Chemical Properties and Use of Waste Biomass-Derived Activated Carbons
2017
Physico-Chemical Properties and Use of Waste Biomass-Derived Activated Carbons
2017
Activated carbons are widely used in different industrial processes for example as adsorbents or as support materials. Advantageously these carbons can be prepared from residual or waste biomass materials. Different raw material type and activation procedure plays an important role in the physico-chemical characteristics of activated carbon e.g. surface area, porosity and pore distribution. In this study, activated carbon has been prepared from lignocellulosic waste materials (e.g. saw dust, lignin residue) and characterized by a number of methods. Further, adsorption properties of carbons were evaluated. Adsorption capacity of dyes and metals was high (methylene blue dye 86 % and zinc meta…
Catalytic hydrothermal liquefaction of municipal sludge in subcritical water
2021
In the last decades, the dwindling of the fossil sources of energy coupled with the growth of energy demand and of waste production prompted the research in developing novel industrial technologies for renewable energy production and waste valorization. Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is a good alternative to transform wet biomasses as microalgae, macroalgae, agricultural residues, food waste, and municipal sludge (MS) into value-added products with high efficiency and decreasing the amounts that has to be disposed of. HTL takes place in an aqueous environment, without the energy cost of drying the biomass, at 300-400°C and pressure of 10-40 MPa [1,2]. At these operative conditions, an inte…